Fall Research Expo 2022

Assessing Inequality in America’s Criminal Justice System: Disparities in the Punishment of Corporate Crime vs. Street Crime

Professor Marie Gottschalk is writing a new book tentatively titled “Race, Power, and Punishment: Crime in the Streets and Crime in the Suites”. To assist Professor Marie Gottschalk in the preparation of her new book, we conducted research centered on the following questions: Why did the United States start punishing street crime more harshly while lightening up on the prosecution and punishment of corporate crime? Why are there disparities that subject certain people and groups disproportionately to criminal penalties and to state, interpersonal, and political violence? What differences exist between the ways in which street crime is punished and in the ways in which corporate crime is punished? In proofreading and copyediting and accumulating information from political science and legal databases, larger texts, and an external meta-analysis of two studies, we were able to contribute to the larger project as a whole. In addition, we conducted a meta-analysis of two studies. The first study, “A Contemporary Study of the Decision to Incarcerate White-Collar and Street Property Offenders” by Shanna Van Slyke & William D. Bales, uses data from the Florida Department of Corrections’ Florida Sentencing Guidelines database to evaluate sentencing outcomes of 35,540 felony offenders, 17,770 being white-collar crime offenders and 17,770 being street property offenders. The second study, “Sympathy for the Devil: An Exploration of Federal Judicial Discretion in the Processing of White-Collar Offenders” by Sean Maddan, Richard D. Hartley, Jeffery T. Walker, and J. Mitchell Miller, uses federal sentencing data from the United States Sentencing Commission that contains information on defendants who were processed in the US District Court system for embezzlement and auto theft, as well as information on legal variables like the criminal history of these defendants and offense severity, and the extralegal variables of age, gender, and race. Both studies produced results that demonstrate that even when legal and extralegal variables are held constant, white-collar offenders tend to be less likely to be sentenced and receive shorter sentences than street crime offenders. These findings inform discussion directed toward policy options that can improve the disparities present in the criminal justice system that lead to the disproportionate punishment of corporate crime at the expense of those who commit street crimes of similar levels.

PRESENTED BY
PURM - Penn Undergraduate Research Mentoring Program
College of Arts & Sciences 2024
CO-PRESENTERS
Cheryl Nnadi - College of Arts & Sciences 2024
Advised By
Marie Gottschalk
Professor of Political Science
PRESENTED BY
PURM - Penn Undergraduate Research Mentoring Program
College of Arts & Sciences 2024
CO-PRESENTERS
Cheryl Nnadi - College of Arts & Sciences 2024
Advised By
Marie Gottschalk
Professor of Political Science

Comments