The world food supply is growing increasingly reliant on aquaculture around the world. Nearly half of the global seafood supply comes from aquaculture, up from 26% in 2000. In order to reduce the risk of disease and maintain the health of fish stocks, antimicrobials, specifically antibiotics, are used to combat this issue, but there are significant risks associated with antibiotic use including antibiotic residues and antibiotic resistance. 

This case study analyzes the unique Norwegian Salmon aquaculture antibiotic practices in comparison to other countries’ aquaculture. Norwegian Salmon aquaculture uses virtually zero antibiotics, while other countries’ aquaculture, such as Chile, use a concerning amount of antibiotics, which can lead to antibiotic residues in the surrounding environment along with antibiotic resistance. In this case study, students will learn about the costs and benefits of aquaculture that minimizes antibiotic use, along with the effects on human health and the environment.