Food Preference in Male Sprague Dawley Rats Based on Neural Mechanism Reconfiguration Following Exercise Contributing to Long Term Body Weight Maintaining Effects
Exercise has shown to affect the homeostatic centers within the hypothalamus and has shown to alter food preference through modification of neural reward networks. The experiments in this study investigated if exercise affects food preference consisting of three mono-macronutrients diets of sugar, fat, and protein in male Sprague Dawley Rats. The experimental group was exercised on treadmills during weekdays only, and the sedentary group was the negative control. Our hypothesis was exercise reduced preference for palatable food such as the sugar and fat diets. Our results showed all rats in both groups to have a preference for the fat diet initially before exercise. During the workout protocol, exercised rats showed a better glucose metabolization according to the intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT) and an improvement in endurance. Post exercise protocol, the exercise group exhibited a significantly reduced preference to sugar diet, without a significant difference in the caloric intake of both chow diet and food preference diet, and a greater resistance to weight gain. The results were concurrent with FOS-B Immunohistochemical staining of the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC), where the exercised rats displayed a greater neural activation, indicating potential neural circuit reconfiguration. The goals of future investigations would be to identify the phenotype of the neurons activated.
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