Senior Thesis: Perceptions of climate change risk in community members of Puerto Baquerizo Moreno, San Cristobal, Galapagos
As global temperatures rise, the frequency and intensity of precipitation, heat, and drought are projected to increase in the South American Pacific region. However, according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, proper adaptation planning can only be done by bridging the gap between broader scientific climate models and local perceptions of climate change impacts. Through the collection of oral histories of community members on the island of San Cristobal, Galapagos, the goal of this project was to understand what kinds of challenges they have faced regarding severe rainfall and heat to identify key vulnerabilities, attitudes towards risk, and coping strategies. I conducted twenty-four semi-structured interviews with community members from eleven different neighborhoods in the town, with stakeholders representing the largest economic sectors, including tourism, agriculture, fishing, and government. Most informants were aware of the possible risk of extreme rainfall, particularly after experiences with high precipitation during El Niño (ENSO) years. They were primarily concerned about damages to private property and infrastructure. With regards to temperature, some responses suggested an earlier arrival of the hot season in recent years, with concern for lack of air conditioning or ventilation in houses and worry for others, particularly vulnerable groups such as kids, senior citizens, and people with disabilities. The conclusion was that there is some discrepancy between the local perception of risks and vulnerabilities and institutional responses to rainfall and extreme heat. When asked about coping mechanisms, a common response was the reliance on community help over institutional responses, which suggests the need to increase resources for institutional adaptation measures. In addition, this research emphasizes the importance of community input in adaptation planning, which can bring up adaptation needs neglected by government officials or academics. Climate change is a global phenomenon with highly localized impacts, meaning that successful adaptation requires the experience of communities to set priorities.
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