This case study critically examines China's involvement with Zambia, analyzing its underlying motives and resultant outcomes. The research delves into the complexities of this bilateral relationship, exploring its impacts on Zambia's economic landscape, governance, social, and environmental health. The study scrutinizes whether China's role in Zambia represents a mutually beneficial partnership or a form of exploitation, particularly in the context of economic and political pressures, management of natural resources, and transparency in Chinese investments. This analysis is particularly relevant given the backdrop of Zambia's historical economic challenges and its strategic efforts to navigate post-colonial economic realities. Students will examine the social and economic impact of Chinese Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in Zambia to learn about how Chinese has influenced national development and labor market outcomes, and thus understand what would constitute appropriate strategies and actions to mitigate negative impacts and enhance Zambia’s economic development prospects. The case is significant as it sheds light on the broader implications of China's growing influence in Africa and the potential risks and rewards for countries like Zambia, offering insights that are essential for understanding contemporary global economic dynamics. This case study concludes that Chinese FDI has the potential to bring about both positive and negative results, depending on the structure and quality of the host economy, as well as the strategies and policies employed by the host government to manage the investment. Furthermore, evidence suggests that Chinese investors are learning from and adapting to the Zambian context and are gradually embracing the corporate social responsibility agenda.